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Open Access

A guide to open access; understanding what it is, why it's important, and what you can do.

Recommended Readings

Books and Long Reads

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Open Access Blogs and Resources

Glossary of Terms

Article Processing Charge: A fee sometimes used for funding the publication of scholarly articles in an open access journal. The fee is often covered by a funding agency or the researcher's institution.

Author Rights: The rights retained by the author when entering a contractual agreement with the publisher. Open access encourages authors to negotiate with publishers to retain the rights to control the re-use and distribution of the work.

Bronze Open Access: These are articles that are free to read on a publisher's homepage, but without clarity on the specific licenses covering an article. Publishers sometimes make journal content publicly accessible on their websites for a limited period of time and then revert to allowing access only through subscription or paid access.

Creative Commons: A non-profit organization providing customized licenses which permit the author to retain selective rights and waive others for the re-use and re-mix of research.

Diamond (or Platinum) Open Access: These are journals that are completely free to publish and to read. The cost of maintaining and publishing the journal is usually borne by the organization that sponsors the journal. Diamond OA status has no impact on the journal's peer review process. By making articles completely free to both publish and to read, Diamond OA best approaches the goals of democratizing and widely distributing academic scholarship.

Embargo: A publication embargo is the duration between the work's publication and the time it is freely available. Justified by publishers in order to protect their revenue, an embargo limits access for a defined period of time (usually between 6 months to 2 years) to subscribers.

Gold Open Access: Research published in an open access journal that is immediately and openly available when published.

Green Open Access: Refers to self-archiving of published or pre-publication works for free public use. Authors provide access to preprints or post-prints (with publisher permission) in an institutional, general or disciplinary repository. The repository version provides the open access to the work.

Hybrid Open Access: Publishers make an individual article freely available after payment of an article processing charge, while still selling access through subscriptions.

Mining - Data/Text: The process of deriving information from machine-read material, such as using large quantities of data and text to extract information and recombining it to identify patterns.

Open Education: A transformative movement rooted in the principle of supporting high-quality education for all. Open Education Resources are openly licensed, online material designed for teaching and learning.

Open Science: Open Science is the practice of scholarship in such a way that others can collaborate and contribute, where research data, lab notes, and other research processes are freely available under terms that enable reuse, redistribution, and reproduction of the research and its underlying data and methods.

Postprint: The accepted article after incorporating revisions and edits resulting from the peer review process The article does not include the pagination and type-setting of the publisher's print. Also known as final accepted manuscript or author accepted manuscript (AAM).

Preprint: The first draft of an article before peer review and the accompanying edits. Also known as the submitted version.

Public Access: A requirement for research outputs to be made freely accessible for all to read. Public access does not require that outputs be free of copyright or reuse permissions.

Publisher's Print (or Version of Record): The final published article in a publisher generated PDF file.

Repository - Institutional/Disciplinary: Institutional repositories are managed by a university or organization to curate the scholarly output of the institution's researchers. Disciplinary repositories, such as arXiv and PubMed Central, collect scholarship on specific subjects regardless of the researcher's institutional affiliation. General repositories, such as Zenodo, are available to anyone regardless of discipline or institutional affiliation.

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